In this thesis preparation of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite-polymer composites will be studied. Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp) will be synthesized from a commercially available relatively cheap calcium source-gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O)- by aqueous and/or hydrothermal ways. Formation efficiency and physical nature of the will HAp product be examined by analytical tools (SEM, XRD, FTIR) as a function of solution chemistry, reaction temperature and physical form of the reactant solids. Both powder and bulk porous HAp scaffolds will be obtained using anhydrous and hydrated calcium-sulfate reactants. This synthesis attempts will be further expanded to develop polymer introduced composites using the HAp based scaffolds. Biodegradable polymers poly(ε-caprolactone) and/or sodium alginate will be introduced to HAp products and mechanical properties will be evaluated.